The discovery of the human microbiome and the biofilm form of bacterial life has altered our understanding of chronic infection and provided insight into reasons why antimicrobial drugs and host immunity, in general, fail to rid the body of chronic internal or external bacterial or fungal infections. Recent research into the synergistic effects of complex constituents in medicinal plants against biofilms has demonstrated that many medicinal herbs traditionally used topically for treatment of chronic infection may succeed in simultaneously disabling microbial defenses, preventing biofilm formation or spread, disrupting existing biofilms, in addition, to directly killing bacteria.

Topics covered include

• New concepts in microbiology: Microbiome and Biofilm

• The Microbiome in health and disease

• Anti-microbial and anti-biofilm actions of drugs and herbs

• Microbial defenses

• Structure and dynamics of biofilm formation

• Synergistic activities of medicinal plants against biofilms
  and their complications

• Comparative Materia Medica and differentials for

  • Plantain, St. John’s Wort, Marshmallow, Goldenseal,
    Garlic,  Yarrow, Bayberry, Baptisia, Creosote Bush, Yerba Mansa, Myrrh, Calendula, Echinacea, Thuja, Manzanita, Uva Ursi, Acalypha mexicana, Boswellia, Propolis and others

• Normal and pathological biofilms on the skin, gut, mucosa, lung, and other areas.

• Candida Biofilms in chronic fungal infection

• The role of Borrelia biofilms in chronic Lyme disease

• Non-herbal “biofilm busters”

• Therapeutic protocols for treating chronic bacterial or fungal infections of the skin, mouth, sinus, external and middle ear, stomach, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO),  bladder, and vagina.